Title: |
Evaluation of the Contamination Rate of Several Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria in Street-Vended Beverages Collected in Ea Kao Commune, Dak Lak Province |
Authors: |
Trinh Thi Huyen Trang, Ho Thi Hao |
Source: |
International Journal of Latest Engineering Research and Applications, pp 01 - 10, Vol 11 - No. 06, 2026 |
Abstract: |
This study evaluated microbial contamination in selected street-vended beverages collected in Ea Kao Commune, Dak Lak Province, Vietnam. Total aerobic bacterial count, Coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were analyzed to assess food safety risks. The results showed that most samples exceeded the acceptable microbiological limits. Coliforms were detected in 100% of pennywort juice samples and 13.33% of peach tea samples, whereas no contamination was found in passion fruit juice. E. coli was detected only in several pennywort juice samples. S. aureus was identified in 60% of pennywort juice samples and 13.33% of peach tea and passion fruit juice samples, with counts ranging from 73.67 × 10³ to 179.67 × 10³ CFU/mL, exceeding regulatory standards. Among the tested beverages, non-heat-treated pennywort juice showed the highest microbial contamination level. The findings indicate inadequate hygiene conditions during beverage preparation, handling, and storage, posing potential health risks to consumers. This study provides scientific evidence for improving food safety management and hygiene control of street-vended beverages in the study area. |
Kaywords: |
Street food, Coliforms, E. coli, S. aureus, Food safety. |
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DOI: |
10.56581/IJLERA.11.06.01-10 |
Title: |
Analysis of LoRa and LoRaWAN Technologies for Long-Range and Low-Power Internet of Things (IoT) Systems |
Authors: |
Amri Amri, Nelly Safitri, Atthariq Atthariq, Mulyadi Mulyadi |
Source: |
International Journal of Latest Engineering Research and Applications, pp 11 - 17, Vol 11 - No. 06, 2026 |
Abstract: |
The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) drives the need for communication technologies capable of providing wide coverage with low power consumption. One of the widely used technologies is Long Range Network (LoRa) and Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN). LoRa is a wireless communication technology based on Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) modulation designed for long-distance communication with low energy consumption, while LoRaWAN is a network protocol that regulates communication between end devices, gateways, and network servers. This article discusses the working principles, architecture, communication parameters, advantages, limitations, and implementation of LoRa in various IoT applications such as smart agriculture, environmental monitoring, asset tracking, and livestock monitoring systems. The results of the study show that LoRaWAN is capable of providing communication up to several kilometers with very low power consumption, making it very suitable for large-scale IoT applications. |
Kaywords: |
LoRa, LoRaWAN, (IoT), LPWAN, long-range communication, low-power consumption, wireless sensor networks. |
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DOI: |
10.56581/IJLERA.11.06.11-17 |
